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Healthy Eating For Vegetarians And Vegans
by Tony Robinson
Study after study has revealed the importance of a balanced diet to good health. Eating a balanced diet, one that is rich in all the various minerals and vitamins needed for a healthy body, can present quite a challenge for vegetarians and vegans. That is because maintaining a well-balanced diet in the absence of one entire food group, such as meat and poultry, can be difficult. Meat and other animal products contain significant amounts of important nutrients, such as protein, calcium and B vitamins.
Vegan diets present an even larger problem since vegans go a step farther and eliminate dairy products and eggs as well as meat. Vegans in particular often have trouble getting the vitamin B12 they need and often must rely on vitamin supplements for this important nutrient. Of course, that does not mean that vegetarians and vegans cannot enjoy good health.
Many vegetarians and vegans can and do enjoy levels of health much better than their carnivorous peers. It simply means that vegetarians need to pay somewhat closer attention to their dietary needs and to be on the lookout for signs of dietary deficiencies. The key to a healthy vegetarian or vegan diet, as with all types of diets, is practicing moderation, eating a variety of foods, and keeping nutritional needs in balance.
One of the most frequently cited concerns by family members and friends of vegetarians and vegans is how they will get the protein they need from a diet devoid of animal flesh. However, getting sufficient protein is usually not a concern for vegetarians, since most American diets tend to contain more protein than they need. Vegetarians who eat dairy products can get all the protein they need from dairy products, from soy-based products and from beans, nuts, lentils, and seeds. There are many non-animal sources of protein, so most vegetarians should not have a problem getting sufficient protein.
Even vegans, who eschew all animal-based products, even milk, and dairy products, typically do not have a problem with protein deficiency. That is because nuts, seeds, lentils, pinto beans, split peas, soybeans, garbanzo beans, black beans, white beans, kidney beans, navy beans and much more all have lots of protein. Vegan meals are often rich in tofu and other soy-based products, and these products contain sufficient protein to meet the needs of most vegans.
In addition, many bean-based vegan recipes are excellent sources of protein. For instance, a cup of cooked beans contains the same amount of protein as a two-ounce serving of meat. As with protein, nutritional deficiencies are generally of no more concern to vegetarians than they are to the general population. Vegetarians who follow a balanced, nutritious diet should have no problem meeting their daily nutritional needs. Vegans, on the other hand, are more susceptible than vegetarians to nutritional deficiencies, particularly vitamin B12, calcium and vitamin D. That is because the most common sources of these important nutrients are all animal-based, either meat or dairy products. Of these three nutrients, the hardest to replace on a vegan diet is vitamin B12.
The primary sources of vitamin B12 in the diet are all animal-based. For this reason, vegans are generally advised to take vitamin B12 supplements or to eat foods that have been fortified with vitamin B12. There are a number of such foods on the market, including nutritional yeast and soy milk. Calcium is also a concern for vegans since the primary sources of dietary calcium are milk and other dairy products. Again, calcium-fortified foods such as soy milk and certain cereals are important to maintaining a healthy vegan diet.
The same is true of vitamin D, another primarily animal-based nutrient. The bottom line is that it is possible to maintain excellent health while avoiding meat and dairy products. The key is to follow a well-balanced diet, get plenty of exercises, and make smart food choices.
About the Author: Tony Robinson is a webmaster, international author, and fitness guru.